Fubao Ancient Town Luzhou: Forest Stilt Houses & Red Army History

Introduction to Fubao Ancient Town

Fubao Ancient Town (Fubao Guzhen) is a secluded historical settlement located in Hejiang County, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province, approximately 60 kilometers from the county seat and about 100 kilometers from Luzhou city center. Nestled at an altitude of 400 to 500 meters in the upper basin of the Chishui River, this ancient town distinguishes itself by being entirely surrounded by the Fubao National Forest Park. This integration of architecture with dense, primitive woodland—where forest coverage exceeds 90%—has earned it the reputation of being the "Forest Ancient Town" and the "Most Eco-Original Hidden Utopia in Southern Sichuan."

Unlike many restored or commercialized ancient towns, Fubao retains a raw, genuine atmosphere. The core protection area covers roughly 0.6 square kilometers.

Here, the bluestone streets, wooden stilt houses (Diaojiaolou), and the constant presence of greenery create an environment that feels more like a living museum than a tourist attraction. The air is rich in negative ions, offering a natural oxygen bar experience that draws visitors in spring and autumn, the recommended seasons according to locals, for comfortable weather and vibrant foliage.

Who Should Visit Fubao Ancient Town?

This destination is ideal for travelers seeking an authentic, non-commercialized glimpse into traditional Sichuan mountain life. It suits:

• Photographers: The interplay of dark wooden architecture against the lush green forest, plus the narrow "One Line Sky" alleyways, provides unique compositional opportunities.
• History Buffs: Ming and Qing dynasty architecture, along with Red Army Long March relics, offer a tangible connection to China's past.
• Nature Lovers: The surrounding Fubao National Forest Park provides hiking trails and a clean, forested environment.
• Slow Travelers: Those who prefer to wander aimlessly, sit in old teahouses, and soak in a quiet, centuries-old atmosphere.

Who Might Skip Fubao?

• Nightlife Seekers: The town is quiet after dark. There are no bars, clubs, or loud entertainment venues.
• Accessibility-Constrained Travelers: The town's layout involves steep, uneven stone steps and narrow alleys, which can be challenging for wheelchairs or strollers.
• Adventure Activity Seekers: While hiking is available, it is not a high-adrenaline destination. The experience is centered on cultural observation and relaxed exploration.

Architectural Highlight: The Diaojiaolou

The architectural soul of Fubao lies in its spectacular Diaojiaolou (stilt houses). These traditional wooden structures are ingeniously adapted to the rugged, hilly terrain along the riverbanks. Supported on wooden stilts, they feature gray tiles, flying eaves, and intricate wood carvings.

This architectural style reflects the practical wisdom of Southern Sichuan people in combating moisture and uneven ground. The houses are designed to allow air circulation underneath, preventing dampness, while the overhanging eaves provide shade and shelter from rain.

Huilong Street and the "One Line Sky"

The town's layout follows a pattern historically described as the "Nine Dragons Arching the Pearl." The main thoroughfare, Huilong Street (Winding Dragon Street), stretches approximately 800 meters. This bluestone-paved path winds like a dragon's spine through the hills.

Flanked by low-hanging eaves and shops, it maintains the traditional "shop in front, house in back" layout. Walking along this street, the close rooftops cut the sky into a narrow "ribbon of blue," creating a unique spatial experience known as "One Line Sky." This visual effect is a signature of Fubao and a favorite photographic subject.

The harmony between the dark, aged wood of the houses and the vibrant green of the surrounding forest creates a scene often described as a Chinese ink wash painting come to life. The absence of bright modern signage or heavy reconstruction in the core area preserves this visual unity.

Historical Significance: Commerce and Revolution

Fubao's history is deeply intertwined with the ancient trade routes of the region. Originally known as "Fubao Chang" (Fubao Market), it flourished during the Ming and Qing dynasties as a vital node on the Southern Silk Road and an extension of the Tea Horse Road. It served as a bustling hub for the exchange of salt, tea, and timber, connecting the Sichuan basin with the Guizhou mountains.

The remains of the Baoquan Temple (Precious Spring Temple) , from which the town is said to derive its name, stand as a testament to its past spiritual and commercial significance. The temple ruins and the legendary springs believed to bring good fortune are among the site's key historical highlights.

Red Army Relics

Beyond commerce, Fubao holds a sacred place in China's revolutionary history. During the Long March in 1935, the Red Army utilized the dense forests and rugged terrain of Fubao as a base for the Sichuan-Southern Guerrilla Column. Today, visitors can explore preserved revolutionary sites.

These include stone walls with slogans carved by Red Army soldiers, former command posts, and other sites that narrate the struggles of the revolution amidst the peaceful forest setting. This layer of history adds depth to the visitor experience, contrasting the tranquility of the natural environment with the intensity of past conflicts.

Practical Travel Guidance

When to Visit

The best time to visit is during late spring (April to June) , when wildflowers bloom and the forest is lush, or autumn (September to November) , for comfortable temperatures and clear skies. Summer is also popular as the forest provides a natural escape from the heat, making it a cool retreat within southern Sichuan. Winter can be cold and damp, with fewer visitors.

Suggested Duration and Route Logic

A visit to the ancient town itself requires 3 to 4 hours to explore the main streets, alleys, and key sites. For those who wish to hike in the Fubao National Forest Park, a full day (6 to 8 hours) is advisable.

A logical route is to arrive in the morning, explore the stilt houses and Huilong Street first, then hike one of the forest trails in the afternoon. There are no specific timings for access to the town itself, as it is an open settlement.

Safety and Altitude Note

The altitude of 420 meters is not considered high and poses no risk of altitude sickness for any traveler. However, the town is built on a hillside. Expect uneven stone stairs, steep sections, and potentially slippery surfaces, especially after rain. Good, comfortable walking shoes with grip are essential. The forest environment means mosquitoes can be present; bring repellent.

Photography Tips

• Best Light: Early morning (8:00 AM - 10:00 AM) and late afternoon (4:00 PM - 6:00 PM) for soft, warm light that enhances the wood textures and greenery.
• Key Shots: The "One Line Sky" view from Huilong Street, close-ups of wood carvings on the stilt houses, and the contrast between the dark roofs and the bright green forest in the background.
• Gear: A wide-angle lens is useful for capturing the narrow streets and the scale of the architecture. A telephoto lens can compress the layered rows of houses against the forest hillside.
• Etiquette: The town is a living community. Be respectful when photographing residents, especially in their homes or doorways. A polite smile and a nod often suffice.

Local Cuisine: Fubao Douhua and More

Culinary exploration is a key part of the Fubao experience. The town is famous for Fubao Douhua (bean curd) , made with pristine mountain spring water. The resulting tofu is exceptionally tender and white, typically served in a simple broth.

It is eaten with a spicy dipping sauce and rice, often accompanied by Tuotuo Meat (a Yi-style pork dish) and locally brewed grain wine. The flavors are authentic and represent the hearty, rustic cooking of the Chishui River valley.

• Douhua (Bean Curd): The signature dish. Look for stalls or small restaurants that make it fresh.
• Tuotuo Meat: Large chunks of pork, often boiled or roasted, served with a spicy, numbing Sichuan peppercorn dip.
• Local Grain Wine: A strong, unaged spirit typically consumed with meals.

Dining in Fubao is a simple affair. Restaurants are small, family-run operations. The experience is about the food and the setting, not elaborate service.

How to Reach Fubao Ancient Town

Given its secluded location, the most convenient way to reach Fubao is by private car (self-driving). From Luzhou, the journey takes approximately 2 to 2.5 hours via the G93 Expressway and county roads. Public transportation is available but less direct.

Buses run from Hejiang County to Fubao Town. Once you arrive in Fubao Town, you can walk or take a local taxi (often a three-wheeled vehicle) to the entrance of the ancient town. Given the distance from major transport hubs, planning your arrival and departure is essential.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q: Where is Fubao Ancient Town located?
A: It is located in Fubao Town, Hejiang County, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province, about 100 km from Luzhou city center and close to the Chishui River.

Q: Is there an entrance fee for Fubao Ancient Town?
A: Access to the ancient town streets is generally free. Fubao is classified as a National 3A Tourist Attraction, and specific sites or the surrounding forest park may have entry fees. It is best to check locally for current policies.

Q: What is the best time to visit Fubao Ancient Town?
A: Late spring (April to June) for blooming wildflowers and lush greenery, or autumn (September to November) for comfortable weather and photography. Summer is also popular for escaping the heat due to the forest environment.

Q: How do I get there?
A: The most convenient way is by car (self-driving) from Luzhou or Chengdu. Buses are also available from Hejiang County to Fubao Town.

Q: What is the "Red" history of the town?
A: Fubao was a key area of activity for the Red Army and the Sichuan-Southern Guerrilla Column during the Long March, serving as a base for operations and supplies.