Apak Khoja Tomb & Fragrant Concubine Tomb Kashgar Guide | History, Architecture, Travel Tips

The Apak Khoja Tomb, commonly known as the Fragrant Concubine Tomb (Xiangfei Mu), is one of the most significant Islamic architectural complexes in Xinjiang, China. Located about 5 kilometers northeast of Kashgar’s Old City in Haohan Village, this 17th-century mausoleum serves as the family burial site for the powerful Khoja religious and political dynasty. Its massive green dome, intricate glazed tilework, and the romanticized legend of Xiangfei—the “Fragrant Concubine” of the Qing Emperor Qianlong—have made it a top attraction on the Silk Road.

This guide provides an in-depth look at the site’s history, architecture, and practical advice for visitors, based on verified sources and general travel knowledge. Note that certain operational details (ticket prices, opening hours) are not consistently confirmed; always check current conditions before your trip.

History and Significance of the Apak Khoja Tomb

Origins and the Khoja Family

The tomb complex was initially built around 1640 as the family mausoleum for the descendants of the Khoja clan, a lineage of Islamic religious leaders who wielded considerable influence in the Kashgar region during the 17th and 18th centuries. Apak Khoja (also known as Afaq Khoja) was a prominent Naqshbandi Sufi master whose political and spiritual authority extended across the Tarim Basin. The mausoleum houses 72 members of the Khoja family across five generations, making it a crucial site for understanding the region’s pre-modern power structures and Islamic heritage.

The Legend of the Fragrant Concubine (Xiangfei)

The site’s popular name, “Fragrant Concubine Tomb,” derives from a legend surrounding a beauty named Xiangfei (also called Iparhan in Uyghur). According to folklore, she was a descendant of the Khoja family who was sent as a consort to the Qianlong Emperor in the 18th century. Stories claim her body naturally emitted a pleasant fragrance, hence the epithet. After her death, her remains were supposedly transported back to Kashgar and interred in the family tomb.

While official histories record an imperial consort named Rongfei who was of Uyghur origin, her actual burial location is debated. The legend, however, remains deeply embedded in local culture and has drawn visitors for centuries. This blend of historical fact and mythology gives the tomb a unique cultural resonance, symbolizing the ties between the Central Plains and the Western Regions.

Architectural Highlights of the Complex

The Main Mausoleum and Green Dome

The centerpiece of the complex is the main tomb chamber, crowned by a massive green glazed dome that spans 17 meters in diameter. The dome is supported by four tall corner minarets, creating a balanced, monumental silhouette against the Kashgar sky. The exterior is clad in blue and green glazed tiles arranged in geometric and floral patterns that reflect the artistry of Central Asian Islamic design.

Sunlight causes the tiles to shimmer, giving the structure an almost ethereal glow. Inside, the tomb hall contains several cenotaphs draped in cloths, with the most ornate traditionally attributed to Xiangfei.

Additional Structures: Mosques and Gatehouse

Beyond the main mausoleum, the site includes several auxiliary buildings that expand its religious and social functions. The Gaodi Mosque (High-low Mosque) features a unique elevation difference between its two prayer halls, possibly to visually indicate the hierarchy of worshippers.

The Jiaman Mosque (Great Mosque) can accommodate a large congregation and shows influences of both Chinese and Islamic architectural traditions. A grand gatehouse and a series of courtyard gardens complete the complex, providing spaces for contemplation and community gatherings.

The Courtyard and Gardens

The entire complex is set within a walled garden planted with white poplars and other trees, creating a quiet, oasis-like atmosphere. These gardens are a deliberate contrast to the surrounding arid landscape, offering shade and a sense of tranquility. Visitors often find the setting conducive to photography, especially in spring and autumn when the light is soft and the foliage changes color.

Visiting the Fragrant Concubine Tomb: Practical Guidance

Best Time to Visit

The tomb is accessible year-round, but the most comfortable seasons are spring (April–May), summer (June–August), and autumn (September–October). Summer can be hot in Kashgar, but the garden provides some respite. Winter (November–March) brings cold temperatures and fewer crowds, though the site remains open. Ramdan months may affect local hours; check ahead.

Location and Getting There

The tomb is situated in Haohan Village (Aigaziya Village in some sources), about 5 kilometers northeast of Kashgar’s city center. Taxis from Kashgar Old City are the most convenient option; the ride takes around 15–20 minutes depending on traffic. Alternatively, local buses (e.g., route 20) pass near the site; ask your hotel for the latest bus numbers. Many organized Kashgar city tours include the tomb as a stop, which can simplify transport.

Hours and Tickets (Verified Data Gaps)

We have not been able to confirm current opening hours and ticket prices from official sources. As of the last widely reported updates, the site was open from about 9:30 to 20:00 in summer and closed earlier in winter, with an entrance fee in the range of 30–70 CNY.

This information may be outdated. Always verify through your hotel, local tourism office, or online travel platforms before visiting. Also confirm whether photography (especially with a drone) is permitted, as policies may have changed.

Who Should Visit (and Who Should Skip)

Ideal for: Travelers interested in Islamic architecture, Chinese minority cultures, Silk Road history, and photography. The site is also meaningful for those drawn to romantic historical legends. It is suitable for visitors of all ages, as the grounds are relatively flat and walkable.

Consider skipping if: You are short on time in Kashgar and prefer to focus on the Old City’s bazaars and mosques; the tomb requires a separate trip outside the center. Those expecting a lavish tomb interior may be disappointed, as the decorations are primarily external and the interior is somewhat sparse.

Photography Tips

The best light for photographing the dome and tilework is early morning or late afternoon, when the low sun highlights the glazed surfaces. Avoid midday harsh shadows. The gardens offer good foreground elements.

A wide-angle lens helps capture the full dome. Be respectful: do not photograph people without permission, and avoid sensitive behaviors near the prayer areas. Drones are typically not allowed unless you have special permission; check at the entrance.

Nearby Attractions in Kashgar

While you are in the Haohan area, consider visiting:

• Kashgar Old City (6 km southwest): The maze-like alleys, vibrant bazaars, and Id Kah Mosque are the city’s main draws.
• Hundred Baskets Garden (Shenqishi): A nearby Uyghur residential area with traditional architecture.
• Kashgar Livestock Market (Sunday market): A lively trading event for camels, sheep, and horses; located a few kilometers west of the city.

Safety and Etiquette

Kashgar is generally safe for tourists, but always observe local customs. Dress modestly (shoulders and knees covered) when visiting religious sites. The tomb is a historic site, not an active mosque, but respect remains important. Avoid political discussions. Xinjiang has heightened security checks; carry your passport or a copy at all times. Altitude is 1289 m, so no altitude sickness concerns.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is the Fragrant Concubine a historical figure?

She is based on a real person—a Uyghur consort of the Qianlong Emperor named Rongfei—but many details of the legend (including her fragrance and the return of her body to Kashgar) are unverified folklore. Historical records place her tomb in Hebei, not Xinjiang. The site’s association with her remains a powerful cultural story.

When was the tomb originally built?

The mausoleum’s construction began around 1640. It was expanded and renovated in later centuries, particularly after an earthquake in the 19th century.

What are the architectural features of the tomb?

The complex is a masterpiece of Islamic Central Asian design, featuring a large green dome (17 m diameter), four corner minarets, blue and green glazed tilework, and courtyards. It combines indigenous techniques with influences from the Chinese architectural tradition in its auxiliary buildings.

Can I enter the main tomb chamber?

Yes, visitors can enter the main hall where cenotaphs are displayed. Photography may be restricted inside; check signs or ask staff. The interior is relatively simple compared to the exterior.

How much time should I allow for the visit?

Most travelers spend between 1 and 2 hours exploring the complex and gardens. Adding travel time from central Kashgar, plan for a half-day excursion if combined with other nearby sites.

Are there English guides available?

Some tour groups offer English-speaking guides; you can also hire a private guide at the entrance. Information plaques often have English translations.

Final Thoughts

The Apak Khoja Tomb (Fragrant Concubine Tomb) stands as a testament to Kashgar’s rich Islamic heritage and its role on the Silk Road. While the legend of Xiangfei adds a layer of romantic intrigue, the real draw is the architecture—the soaring dome, intricate tiles, and serene gardens. With proper planning and confirmation of current access details, it is a rewarding experience for any traveler interested in the crossroads of culture and history in western China.