The Museum Town of China: Anren Ancient Town and the Mansions of the Republic Era

The "Museum Town" of China

1.Located in Dayi: County, approximately 50 kilometers west of Chengdu, Anren Ancient Town is a unique cultural gem known as the "Museum Town of China." Its name is derived from the Confucian saying "The benevolent rest in benevolence" (Ren Zhe An Ren). Unlike many ancient towns that focus solely on Ming and Qing dynasty architecture, Anren is renowned for its unparalleled collection of Republic of China (Minguo) era mansions and modern museums. The town preserves 27 historic mansions, including the famous Liu's Manor, making it the largest and best-preserved cluster of such architecture in the country. Walking through Anren is like stepping back into the 1930s and 40s, where the fusion of Western and Sichuanese architectural styles tells the story of a turbulent yet prosperous era. It has been recognized as a National 4A Tourist Attraction and a National Historic and Cultural Town, offering a journey through time that blends the luxury of old warlord estates with the profound historical narratives preserved in its museums,,.

The Grandeur of Liu's Manor

2.The most iconic landmark in: Anren is the Liu's Manor Museum (Liu Shi Zhuangyuan), the former residence of the powerful landlord Liu Wencai and his warlord brother Liu Wenhui. Covering an area of over 70,000 square meters, this architectural complex is described as a "labyrinth of luxury." It features a mix of traditional Chinese courtyards and Western-style castles, with high walls, heavy gates, and exquisite detailing. The manor is divided into the Old Mansion and the New Mansion. The Old Mansion is famous for its intricate wood carvings and the "Rent Collection Courtyard" (Shou Zu Yuan), a collection of life-sized clay sculptures that vividly depict the harsh realities of the feudal tenant system. These sculptures are considered masterpieces of modern Chinese art. The New Mansion, built later, showcases a more distinct Western influence with art deco elements, reflecting the changing times and the immense wealth of the Liu family during the Republic of China era,,.

A Cluster of Memories: Jianchuan Museum

Anren is not just about the past glory of one family; it is also the site of the Jianchuan Museum Cluster, the largest private museum complex in China founded by Fan Jianchuan. This massive "super-museum" consists of over 30 individual museums dedicated to preserving the memory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (Second Sino-Japanese War), the "Red Era," folk customs, and earthquake relief efforts. The cluster houses over 8 million artifacts, serving as a powerful testament to the resilience and history of the Chinese nation. Highlights include the Anti-Japanese War Veterans Museum (showcasing handprints of veterans), the Unyielding POWs Museum, and halls dedicated to folk culture like the "Three-Inch Golden Lotus" (foot-binding) artifacts. The museums are scattered among the lush greenery and waterways of the town, creating a serene environment for reflection and education,,.

The Romance of the Republic Era

Beyond the museums and manors, Anren offers a vibrant "Minguo" atmosphere. The town's three main historic streets—Hongxing Street, Shuren Street, and Yuren Street—are lined with well-preserved shops and tea houses. Visitors can see rickshaws passing by, listen to old gramophones playing period music, or watch a traditional Sichuan Opera performance at the ancient stage. The town is famous for its Cheongsam (Qipao) culture, often hosting festivals where enthusiasts dress in vintage attire, adding to the immersive experience. Culinary delights are also a highlight, with local specialties like Blood Curd (Xue Wang), Sweet Fermented Rice (Lao Zao), and Leaf Rice Cakes (Ye'er Ba) offering a taste of authentic Sichuan flavors. Whether sipping tea under the shade of old banyan trees or exploring the intricate history of its mansions, Anren provides a deep and leisurely cultural experience,,.